C++ Midterm answers

 false

T/F When assigning a numeric value to a variable, enclose the variable in single quotes

true

T/F The symbol :: represents the scope resolution operator

false

T/F When you increase an integer beyond its maximum value, you generate an error

true

T/F every variable must have a type that tells your compiler how much memory to set aside and defines what you can legally do with the variable

true

T/F a linker links objects files to external files and creates an executable file

false

T/F a quote is a series of printable characters

false

T/F A postfix increment operator increments a variable before the evaluation of a larger expression involving the variable

false

T/F Inserting comment into code is a waste of time

true

T/F When you declare a variable, you must specify its type

false

T/F Users cannot input values for variables

Assembly

Which of the following is not one of the three typical categories of programming errors

object-oriented programming

Creation of reusable software objects that can be easily incorporated into another program

constant

what is the term for an unchangeable variable

#

what symbol is used to start a preprocessor variabl

syntax

which type of errors occur during compilation

floating

which of the following is NOT a data type

variable name

what do you use to access a variable

main() function

what is the starting point of every program

identifier

when creating an enumeration, what follows the keyword enum

assembly language

what is the lowest-level, human readable programming language that allows programmers to communicate directly with the computer's hardware

postfix decrement operator

which operator is placed after a variable that is being decreased by one

parentheses

what should you use to force operations with lower precedence to occur first

occur during compilation

which of the following is false about link errors

{}

what symbols surround the body of a function

integrated development environment

what does the acronym IDE represent

modifiers

you can use _______ to alter a typ

cout

_____ is an object, defined in the file iotream, that is used to send data to the standard output stream

prefix

the _______ increment operator increments a variable before the evaluation of a larger expression involving the variable

keyword

a _________ is a special word that C++ reserves for its own use

fundamental types

_________ are types that are built into the c++ language

true

T/F Logical operator expressions always evaluate to true or false

false

T/F Linear programs allow the program to skip statements and loop through code

true

T/F Placing a semi-colon at the end of an if statement creates an empty statement that is essentially useless

true

T/F When using Boolean data types, any non-zero value will be interpreted as true

true

T/F With an AND logical operator expression, both conditions must be true for the expression to be true

true

T/F The computer will always produce the same series of random numbers in a program

true

T/F With if statements, if the expression is false, the statement is skipped and the program branches to the statement after the if statement.

false

T/F use Boolean data types to store string data types

true

T/F Operator precedence will define the exact order in which elements of an expression are evaluated

true

T/F Variables must be initialized before being used in a while loops

==

Which of the following represents the equal to relation operator

Not, And, Or

which is the correct order of precedence for logical operators

loop body

what is the term for the group of statements that repeat in a loop

<

which of the following represents the less than relation operator

break

in switch statements, which statement exits the switch structure

bool

what data type should be used to create a boolean variable

unsigned int

what data type gets passed as a seed to the random number generator

<=

which of the following represents the less than or equal to relational operator

&&

which of the following is the AND logical operator

current date and time

which of the following is the perfect object on which to seed the random number generator

continue

what kind of statement do you use to jump directly to the top of a loop

logical operators

what type of operator should you use to create complex expressions

>

which of the following represents the great than relational operator

default

in switch statements, if no value matches the expression an optional _______ case will execute

NOT

which logical operator lets you switch the truth or falsity of an expression

Do

__ loops let you repeat a section of code based on an expression that is tested after each loop itereration

int

switch statements only work with the ___ data type

nesting

when you write one if statement inside another, its called ________

parentheses

if you want an operation with lower precedence to be evaluated first, you can use ________

seed

game programmers give the random number generator a number, called a ____, to determine the starting place in the sequence of pseudorandom numbers

false

T/F The empty() member function returns a string value

true

T/F for loops allow you to repeat a section of code

false

T/F A string object stores a sequence of string values

true

T/F Objects can be stored in varaibles

true

T/F If you do not include a test expression in a for loop, you must provide an exit statement

false

T/F The find() member function returns the string literal from a variable

false

T/F C-style strings have member functions

false

T/F in a for loop, an expression is tested each time after the loop body executes

true

T/F you can use the + operator to combine strings

true

T/F arrays can store elements of programmer-defined types

[]

which of the following is the subscription operator

multidimensional

what is the correct term for an array with two or more dimensions

string member functions

which of the following allows you to combine, change, and erase string objects through familiar operators

bounds checking

Testing to make sure than an index number is a valid array position before using it is called

object

What is the correct term for an encapsulated, cohesive, things that combine qualities and abilities

operator overloading

What is the correct term for redefining a familiar operator so it works differently when using a new, previously undefined context

data member

what is a data element of an object called

string color = 'blue;

Which of the following is NOT a correct way to create a string object

• String characters(4, '*');

• String food="taco";

• String animal("giraffe");

• String color = 'blue;

for loops

To count or move through a sequence of items it is best to use which of the following types of loops

iteration

what is the correct term to describe each pass through a for loop

cstring

which standard library file contains a variety of functions for working the c-style strings

string students[22];

which of the following is a correct declaration of an array

size()

which string member function returns the number of characters in a string object

c-style strings

strings with arrays of characters terminated by a null character are called?

0 through 2

if you have the following array: int highGrades[3]; , which of the following are the correct index numbers

arrays

_____ proved a way to work with elements of any type

concatenating

when you use the + operator to combine string objects, you are _________ the string objects

string object

when you concatenate a string object with a c-style string, you always produce a?

initialization

_________ is a statement that sets up some initial condition for a for loop

nesting

when you put a for loop inside another for loop, it is called ________

true

T/F a vector is considered a dynamic array

true

T/F Iterators are required by the STL algorithms

false

T/F The size() vector member function returns the number of elements that a vector can hold before a program must reallocate more memory for it

true

T/F When using the pop_back() member function to remove an element from a vector, the size of the vector is automatically reduce by one

true

T/F A constant iterator, while not being able to change the element to which it refers, can itself change

false

T/F The nothing() member function returns true if a vector is empty

false

T/F If the find() STL algorithm does no find a match, it returns an iterator to the beginning of the range

false

T/F with associative containers, you can retrieve values in sequence

true

T/F to access the size of a vector element with an iterator, you can use the indirect member selection operator

true

the find() STL algorithm returns an iterator that references the first matching element

clear();

which member function removes all of the elements in a vector

dynamic array

what is the correct term for an array that can grow and shrink in size as needed

standard template library

what does the acronym STL represent

reserve()

which member function gives you control over when a reallocation of additional memory occurs

dereference

which operator should you use with an iterator to display the value of the element to which the iterator refers

size()

which member function brings back the number of elements in a vector

pop_back();

which of the following member functions removes the last element in a vector

vector<int>scores(10,0);

which of the following initializes all of the vector's elements to the same value when declaring the vector

2

how many arguments does the sort() algorithm take

*

which of the following is the dereference operator

vector<int>::const_iterator index;

which of the following is the correct format for declaring a constant iterator

push_back()

which member function adds an element to a vector

cctype

which standard library file includes functions for converting characters to uppercase

scores[1].size();

which of the following is the correct format to call the size() member function of an element, assuming the vector is named scores

#include<algorithms>

which of the following is the correct definition for using STL algorithms

begin

the ______ vector member function returns an iterator that refers to a container's first element

sort

the ____ algorithm sorts the elements of a sequence in ascending order

subscripting

you can index vectors by using the _________ operator

end

the ___ member function returns an iterator one past the last element in a container

insert

the _____ vector member function inserts a new element into a vector just before the element referred to by a given iterator

true

T/F There are ways to break up big programs into smaller, bite-sized chunks of code

true

T/F function prototype declarations must end with a semi-colon

false

T/F function headers must end with a semi-colon

false

T/F when you call a function that has no parameters, it is not necessary to include the ()

false

T/F when a function finishes, control always returns to main()

true

T/F functions can both receive a value and return a value

false

T/F to return a value from a function all you need to do is specify a return type

true

T/F local variables are only visible within the function in which they are declared

true

T/F variables in different functions can have the same name

false

T/F variables continue to exist, even when they go out of scope

false

T/F variables declared inside for loops, while loops, if statements, and switch statements can exist outside their structures

false

T/F when you hide a global variable, you change its value

true

T/F global variables can be changed anywhere in your program

true

T/F once you specify a default argument in a list of parameters, you must specify default arguments for all remaining parameters

true

T/F once you omit an argument in a list of parameters, you must specify default arguments for all remaining parameters

true

T/F when you inline a function, the compiler makes the decision of whether or not to inline the function

false

T/F calling inline functions is much harder than calling non-inlined functions

false

T/F there is no difference between an argument and a parameter

false

T/F an argument must have the same name as the parameter to which it is passed

break large programs into smaller pieces

which of the following is an advantage of using functions

return type

what is the first item you include in the function prototype

comma

what character do you use to separate parametrs

compile

what type of error occurs when the function prototype does not match the function definition

return choice;

which of the following is a valid return statement

compile

what type or error occurs if the parameter types in the function prototypes do not match the parameter types int he function definition

encapsulation

what helps keep independent code truly separate by hiding the details

increased employee motivation

which of the following is not a benefit of reusing software

scope

what is the term that describes where variables can be seen your program

{}

which symbols must be used to work with nested scopes

global

what is the correct term for variables that are accessible form any part of your program

default argument

what is the correct term for a value assigned to a parameter if none is specified

=

what operator do you use to specify a default argument

void setAnswers(int A, int B=3, int C=2);

which of the following is a valid prototype

string answer(string choice);

string answer(int choice);

which of the following is an example of function overloading

argument values

what does the compiler use to determine which overloaded function definition to use

inlining

what is the correct term for asking the compiler to make a copy of a function everywhere

functions

what feature of c++ allows you to break up your programs into manageable chunks

argument

what is the correct term for what you use in a function call to pass a value to a function

parameter

what is the correct term for what you use in a function definition to accept values passed to a function

to determine bottlenecks in a program

why do programmers profile code

declare

before you can call a function you have to ______ it

definition functions

_________ _________ means writing all the code that makes the function work

abstraction

by writing and calling functions, you practice what is known as _________

return

a function ends whenever it hits a ______ statement

assignment

to use a returned value, use the ___________ operator

encapsulation

_________ is when no variable you create in a function, including its parameters, can be directly accessed outside its function

local

variables declared inside a function are called _____ variables

overloading

function ________ allows you to write functions that can accept different sets of arguments

inline

use the _______ keyword before a function to op the function directly into the calling code